Interpreting questions on mixture regulation

Hello, I’m just trying to read a little bit into the contexts of the mixture control in “modern” petrol engines (without turbo). But I’m probably a bit stupid to understand it correctly: 1. False air in the intake: You always read that the fuel consumption here is high and the exhaust gas values (CO?) are no longer correct, even with the smallest leaks. However, according to my understanding, if some air flows in before burning, the Lambda control should simply be a too lean mixture a At least in the normal partial load mode, as long as they are fuel trims in the adjustable limit, the exhaust gas values should be correct and the consumption should remain normal, or where am I wrong here ?? 2. Cat function at full load If the engine greases strongly at full gas and switches off the control, then the cat garnix makes more or only a little worse. If one with full gas the Lambdasonden signal HINTER the cat (Monito rsonde), would that be a zigzag like the rule probe ??