Question on speed determination

Hello, I asked a question about speed investigation, because today had had the topic at work only everyone said something different during the break. How is this when the police drive after one you do not recognize it and there is also no please stop signs. You would now drive now for reasons of whatever from 50 to 80 speed up 2-3 seconds at the speed and then slow down again to 50. How is this then allowed the police to give you a penalty because of drive fast or is that too little time that the police have driven behind you normal white would be that then 14km/h too fast from 80km/h 20% pull off that then 64km/h. Normal white ones have to drive a certain distance behind you and not the few meters and a constant speed do not speed up and slow down or is that already meaningful enough? mfg Robert